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E621 - Monosodium glutamate

Additive : E621 - Monosodium glutamate

Functions: Flavour enhancer

Monosodium glutamate -MSG, also known as sodium glutamate- is the sodium salt of glutamic acid, one of the most abundant naturally occurring non-essential amino acids. Glutamic acid is found naturally in tomatoes, grapes, cheese, mushrooms and other foods.MSG is used in the food industry as a flavor enhancer with an umami taste that intensifies the meaty, savory flavor of food, as naturally occurring glutamate does in foods such as stews and meat soups. It was first prepared in 1908 by Japanese biochemist Kikunae Ikeda, who was trying to isolate and duplicate the savory taste of kombu, an edible seaweed used as a base for many Japanese soups. MSG as a flavor enhancer balances, blends, and rounds the perception of other tastes.The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has given MSG its generally recognized as safe -GRAS- designation. A popular belief is that large doses of MSG can cause headaches and other feelings of discomfort, known as "Chinese restaurant syndrome," but double-blind tests fail to find evidence of such a reaction. The European Union classifies it as a food additive permitted in certain foods and subject to quantitative limits. MSG has the HS code 29224220 and the E number E621. - Wikipedia

EFSA evaluation: Re‐evaluation of glutamic acid -E 620-, sodium glutamate -E 621-, potassium glutamate -E 622-, calcium glutamate -E 623-, ammonium glutamate -E 624- and magnesium glutamate -E 625- as food additives (2017/07/12)

High risk of over exposure
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has determined that some population groups have a high risk of consuming too much E621 - Monosodium glutamate.

To evaluate your exposure to the E621 - Monosodium glutamate food additive, you can browse our list of products that contain it. See the list of products with E621 - Monosodium glutamate below.

  InfantsToddlersChildrenAdolescentsAdultsElderly
  < 11 to 23 to 910 to 1718 to 6465+
High risk
(50% of people or more)		Groups with more than 50% of members exceeding the acceptable daily intake (ADI)Groups with more than 50% of members exceeding the maximum dose without adverse effect (No observed adverse effect level - NOAEL)Groups with more than 50% of members exceeding the maximum dose without adverse effect (No observed adverse effect level - NOAEL)Groups with more than 50% of members exceeding the acceptable daily intake (ADI)Groups with more than 50% of members exceeding the acceptable daily intake (ADI) 
Moderate risk
(5% of people or more)		Groups with more than 5% of members exceeding the maximum dose without adverse effect (No observed adverse effect level - NOAEL)Groups with more than 5% of members exceeding the maximum dose without adverse effect (No observed adverse effect level - NOAEL)Groups with more than 5% of members exceeding the maximum dose without adverse effect (No observed adverse effect level - NOAEL)Groups with more than 5% of members exceeding the maximum dose without adverse effect (No observed adverse effect level - NOAEL)Groups with more than 5% of members exceeding the acceptable daily intake (ADI)Groups with more than 5% of members exceeding the acceptable daily intake (ADI)

Risk of reaching exceeding the maximum dose without adverse effect (No observed adverse effect level - NOAEL) : Risk of reaching exceeding the maximum dose without adverse effect (No observed adverse effect level - NOAEL)

Risk of reaching or exceeding the acceptable daily intake (ADI) : Risk of reaching or exceeding the acceptable daily intake (ADI)

Names: Glutamate monosodique, glutamate de sodium, monosodium glutamate, GMS, MSG

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